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    The Chickasaw Nation in 1861

    Chickasaw National Capitol Building, Tishomingo, Oklahoma, built 1898 The majority of the Chickasaws, as slaveholders, were secessionists. The Chickasaw and Choctaw in July 1861 declared they were allies of the Confederate States of America.  They served mostly in the First Chickasaw/Choctaw Mounted Rifles under Douglas H. Cooper, who was commanding the department of Indian operations under authority from the Confederate government.   Other Indian tribes and some Chickasaws remained loyal to the Union.  On April 28, 1866, the Chickasaw and Choctaw signed a treaty with the United States which provided an end to slavery, the creating of a leased district for…